Maths · Grades 3–4
Free rounding numbers worksheets
Free printable rounding worksheets for grades 3 and 4: round to the nearest 10 and 100 with number lines, then without, round to the nearest 1,000, and estimate sums and differences by rounding first. Answer keys included. PDF download.
Round to the nearest 10 with number lines: 8 numbers
Eight two-digit numbers, each marked on its own number line between two tens; decide which ten is closer and write it. Answer key on page 2.
Round to the nearest 10: 24 two- and three-digit numbers
Twelve two-digit and twelve three-digit numbers to round to the nearest ten without a number line, using the ones digit. Answer key on page 2.
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Round to the nearest 100 with number lines: 6 numbers
Six three-digit numbers, each marked on a number line between two hundreds with ticks every 10; find the closer hundred. Answer key on page 2.
Round to the nearest 100 and 1,000: 24 numbers
Twelve numbers to round to the nearest hundred and twelve four-digit numbers to round to the nearest thousand. Answer key on page 2.
Estimate by rounding: 6 word problems with estimate and exact boxes
Six real-life problems: round the numbers, estimate the sum or difference in your head, then find the exact answer and compare. Answer key on page 2.
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Rounding is the skill behind every good estimate: 487 + 312 is about 500 + 300, so an answer of 799 looks right and an answer of 1,799 does not. Children are often taught rounding as a rule about the digit to the right, and the rule is on every sheet here, but the rule only makes sense once they have seen where a number sits between two tens or two hundreds. So the first sheet at each level puts every number on a number line, and only then do the sheets ask for rounding without one. The set ends with word problems where children round, estimate, then find the exact answer and compare.
What’s in this set
- Round to the nearest 10 with number lines: 8 numbers. Each two-digit number is marked on its own line between two tens; children see which ten is closer. Includes a number ending in 5.
- Round to the nearest 10: 24 numbers. Twelve two-digit and twelve three-digit numbers with no number line, including 95 (which rounds to 100) and 396 (which rounds to 400).
- Round to the nearest 100 with number lines: 6 numbers. Three-digit numbers on lines that count by tens between two hundreds.
- Round to the nearest 100 and 1,000: 24 numbers. Twelve numbers to the nearest hundred and twelve four-digit numbers to the nearest thousand.
- Estimate by rounding: 6 word problems. Round each number to the place shown, write the estimate, then the exact answer, and see how close they are.
What students will practice
- Using place value understanding to round whole numbers to the nearest 10 or 100 (3.NBT.A.1)
- Rounding multi-digit whole numbers to any place (4.NBT.A.3)
- Locating a number on a number line and judging which benchmark is closer
- Applying the halfway rule: a 5 in the deciding place rounds up
- Estimating sums and differences and using the estimate to check an exact answer (3.OA.D.8)
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Hundreds chart generator1-100, 1-120 or 0-99, blank or missing numbers, skip-count colours, odd/even. Free to print.
Number line generatorAny range and step, fractions and decimals, blank or missing numbers with a key. Free to print.
Math fact worksheet generatorAddition to division drills with an answer key. Free to print.
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Teaching tips and common mistakes
How to use these worksheets
Print at 100% on A4 or US Letter paper. Answer keys are on page 2. Work through the sheets in order: number lines first, rule second, application last.
- Nearest 10 with number lines. Have children put a finger on the marked number and ask “is it nearer this end or that end?” before they look at the digits. The item ending in 5 is exactly halfway; say clearly that the agreed rule is to round up.
- Nearest 10 without lines. Now teach the rule: look at the ones digit; 0 to 4 keeps the tens digit, 5 to 9 pushes it up. Watch 95 and 396, where rounding up changes the next digit too.
- Nearest 100 with number lines. The ticks count by tens, so children can also read off the nearest ten if they want a stepping stone. The deciding digit is now the tens digit.
- Nearest 100 and 1,000. The habit to build: name the place, find the digit to its right, decide. Remind children that the answer must end in two zeros for hundreds and three for thousands.
- Estimate by rounding. Read the whole problem, round each number to the place shown, estimate in your head, then work out the exact answer last. Compare the two: if they are far apart, something went wrong.
Common mistakes to watch for
- Rounding the wrong digit: to round 461 to the nearest 100 a child rounds the 6 to get 460. Ask “which place are we rounding to? Which digit decides?”
- Rounding down at 5: 45 rounds to 50, not 40. The number lines show that 45 is exactly halfway, so a rule is needed, and the rule is up.
- Keeping the digits after the rounding place: 2,384 to the nearest 100 is 2,400, not 2,484. Everything to the right becomes zero.
- Rounding after adding: in the estimate problems, children sometimes add the exact numbers and then round the answer. Round first; that is the whole point of an estimate.
Answer key
Page 2 of every PDF repeats the sheet with every rounded number written in, and for the word problems shows the rounded numbers, the estimate and the exact answer.
Frequently asked questions
What grade teaches rounding?
Rounding to the nearest 10 and 100 is a third-grade standard (ages 8 to 9); rounding to any place, including thousands, is fourth grade. The number-line sheets also suit second graders who are ready for it.
Why does 5 round up?
Because 45 is exactly halfway between 40 and 50, so neither is nearer, and a rule is needed to make everyone’s answers agree. Schools use “5 or more rounds up”. The number lines on the first sheet show the halfway point so the rule does not feel arbitrary.
Should children use number lines or the rule?
Both, in that order. The number line shows what rounding means; the rule is the fast way to do it once the meaning is clear. Children who only learn the rule tend to round the wrong digit.
What is estimating for?
Checking. If an exact answer is far from the estimate, one of them is wrong, and it is usually the exact one. Estimating first is also how adults do arithmetic in shops and at the petrol pump.
More practice
Rounding depends on knowing which digit is which, so the place value worksheets are the place to go back to if the deciding digit is a problem. The hundreds chart worksheets show every number between its two tens, and the greater than less than worksheets practise the comparing that rounding relies on. Estimates matter most with big products: try the multi-digit multiplication worksheets next.
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